A draft sequence of the neandertal genome

Richard E. Green; Johannes Krause; Adrian W. Briggs; Tomislav Maricic; Udo Stenzel; Martin Kircher; Nick Patterson; Heng Li; Weiwei Zhai; Markus Hsi Yang Fritz; Nancy F. Hansen; Eric Y. Durand; Anna Sapfo Malaspinas; Jeffrey D. Jensen; Tomas Marques-Bonet; Can Alkan; Kay Prüfer; Matthias Meyer; Hernán A. Burbano; Jeffrey M. Good; Rigo Schultz; Ayinuer Aximu-Petri; Anne Butthof; Barbara Höber; Barbara Höffner; Madien Siegemund; Antje Weihmann; Chad Nusbaum; Eric S. Lander; Carsten Russ; Nathaniel Novod; Jason Affourtit; Michael Egholm; Christine Verna; Pavao Rudan; Dejana Brajkovic; Željko Kucan; Ivan Gušic; Vladimir B. Doronichev; Liubov V. Golovanova; Carles Lalueza-Fox; Marco De La Rasilla; Javier Fortea; Antonio Rosas; Ralf W. Schmitz; Philip L.F. Johnson; Evan E. Eichler; Daniel Falush; Ewan Birney; James C. Mullikin; Montgomery Slatkin; Rasmus Nielsen; Janet Kelso; Michael Lachmann; David Reich; Svante Pääbo

doi:10.1126/science.1188021

A draft sequence of the neandertal genome

Richard E. Green
, Johannes Krause
, Adrian W. Briggs
, Tomislav Maricic
, Udo Stenzel
, Martin Kircher
, Nick Patterson
, Heng Li
, Weiwei Zhai
, Markus Hsi Yang Fritz
, Nancy F. Hansen
, Eric Y. Durand
, Anna Sapfo Malaspinas
, Jeffrey D. Jensen
, Tomas Marques-Bonet
, Can Alkan
, Kay Prüfer
, Matthias Meyer
, Hernán A. Burbano
, Jeffrey M. Good

Rigo Schultz, Ayinuer Aximu-Petri, Anne Butthof, Barbara Höber, Barbara Höffner, Madien Siegemund, Antje Weihmann, Chad Nusbaum, Eric S. Lander, Carsten Russ, Nathaniel Novod, Jason Affourtit, Michael Egholm, Christine Verna, Pavao Rudan, Dejana Brajkovic, Željko Kucan, Ivan Gušic, Vladimir B. Doronichev, Liubov V. Golovanova, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Marco De La Rasilla, Javier Fortea, Antonio Rosas, Ralf W. Schmitz, Philip L.F. Johnson, Evan E. Eichler, Daniel Falush, Ewan Birney, James C. Mullikin, Montgomery Slatkin, Rasmus Nielsen, Janet Kelso, Michael Lachmann, David Reich, Svante Pääbo

Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3101 Scopus citations

Abstract

Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft sequence of the Neandertal genome composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides from three individuals. Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present-day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals shared more genetic variants with present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that gene flow from Neandertals into the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before the divergence of Eurasian groups from each other.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	710-722
Number of pages	13
Journal	Science
Volume	328
Issue number	5979
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1188021
State	Published - May 7 2010

Funding

Funder number
ZIBHG000196

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10.1126/science.1188021

Cite this

Green, R. E., Krause, J., Briggs, A. W., Maricic, T., Stenzel, U., Kircher, M., Patterson, N., Li, H., Zhai, W., Fritz, M. H. Y., Hansen, N. F., Durand, E. Y., Malaspinas, A. S., Jensen, J. D., Marques-Bonet, T., Alkan, C., Prüfer, K., Meyer, M., Burbano, H. A., ... Pääbo, S. (2010). A draft sequence of the neandertal genome. Science, 328(5979), 710-722. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1188021

@article{a3448d8f96c34f6d92be7f980a2a70ea,

title = "A draft sequence of the neandertal genome",

abstract = "Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft sequence of the Neandertal genome composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides from three individuals. Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present-day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals shared more genetic variants with present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that gene flow from Neandertals into the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before the divergence of Eurasian groups from each other.",

author = "Green, \{Richard E.\} and Johannes Krause and Briggs, \{Adrian W.\} and Tomislav Maricic and Udo Stenzel and Martin Kircher and Nick Patterson and Heng Li and Weiwei Zhai and Fritz, \{Markus Hsi Yang\} and Hansen, \{Nancy F.\} and Durand, \{Eric Y.\} and Malaspinas, \{Anna Sapfo\} and Jensen, \{Jeffrey D.\} and Tomas Marques-Bonet and Can Alkan and Kay Pr{\"u}fer and Matthias Meyer and Burbano, \{Hern{\'a}n A.\} and Good, \{Jeffrey M.\} and Rigo Schultz and Ayinuer Aximu-Petri and Anne Butthof and Barbara H{\"o}ber and Barbara H{\"o}ffner and Madien Siegemund and Antje Weihmann and Chad Nusbaum and Lander, \{Eric S.\} and Carsten Russ and Nathaniel Novod and Jason Affourtit and Michael Egholm and Christine Verna and Pavao Rudan and Dejana Brajkovic and {\v Z}eljko Kucan and Ivan Gu{\v s}ic and Doronichev, \{Vladimir B.\} and Golovanova, \{Liubov V.\} and Carles Lalueza-Fox and \{De La Rasilla\}, Marco and Javier Fortea and Antonio Rosas and Schmitz, \{Ralf W.\} and Johnson, \{Philip L.F.\} and Eichler, \{Evan E.\} and Daniel Falush and Ewan Birney and Mullikin, \{James C.\} and Montgomery Slatkin and Rasmus Nielsen and Janet Kelso and Michael Lachmann and David Reich and Svante P{\"a}{\"a}bo",

year = "2010",

month = may,

day = "7",

doi = "10.1126/science.1188021",

language = "English",

volume = "328",

pages = "710--722",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "5979",

}

Green, RE, Krause, J, Briggs, AW, Maricic, T, Stenzel, U, Kircher, M, Patterson, N, Li, H, Zhai, W, Fritz, MHY, Hansen, NF, Durand, EY, Malaspinas, AS, Jensen, JD, Marques-Bonet, T, Alkan, C, Prüfer, K, Meyer, M, Burbano, HA, Good, JM, Schultz, R, Aximu-Petri, A, Butthof, A, Höber, B, Höffner, B, Siegemund, M, Weihmann, A, Nusbaum, C, Lander, ES, Russ, C, Novod, N, Affourtit, J, Egholm, M, Verna, C, Rudan, P, Brajkovic, D, Kucan, Ž, Gušic, I, Doronichev, VB, Golovanova, LV, Lalueza-Fox, C, De La Rasilla, M, Fortea, J, Rosas, A, Schmitz, RW, Johnson, PLF, Eichler, EE, Falush, D, Birney, E, Mullikin, JC, Slatkin, M, Nielsen, R, Kelso, J, Lachmann, M, Reich, D & Pääbo, S 2010, 'A draft sequence of the neandertal genome', Science, vol. 328, no. 5979, pp. 710-722. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1188021

TY - JOUR

T1 - A draft sequence of the neandertal genome

AU - Green, Richard E.

AU - Krause, Johannes

AU - Briggs, Adrian W.

AU - Maricic, Tomislav

AU - Stenzel, Udo

AU - Kircher, Martin

AU - Patterson, Nick

AU - Li, Heng

AU - Zhai, Weiwei

AU - Fritz, Markus Hsi Yang

AU - Hansen, Nancy F.

AU - Durand, Eric Y.

AU - Malaspinas, Anna Sapfo

AU - Jensen, Jeffrey D.

AU - Marques-Bonet, Tomas

AU - Alkan, Can

AU - Prüfer, Kay

AU - Meyer, Matthias

AU - Burbano, Hernán A.

AU - Good, Jeffrey M.

AU - Schultz, Rigo

AU - Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer

AU - Butthof, Anne

AU - Höber, Barbara

AU - Höffner, Barbara

AU - Siegemund, Madien

AU - Weihmann, Antje

AU - Nusbaum, Chad

AU - Lander, Eric S.

AU - Russ, Carsten

AU - Novod, Nathaniel

AU - Affourtit, Jason

AU - Egholm, Michael

AU - Verna, Christine

AU - Rudan, Pavao

AU - Brajkovic, Dejana

AU - Kucan, Željko

AU - Gušic, Ivan

AU - Doronichev, Vladimir B.

AU - Golovanova, Liubov V.

AU - Lalueza-Fox, Carles

AU - De La Rasilla, Marco

AU - Fortea, Javier

AU - Rosas, Antonio

AU - Schmitz, Ralf W.

AU - Johnson, Philip L.F.

AU - Eichler, Evan E.

AU - Falush, Daniel

AU - Birney, Ewan

AU - Mullikin, James C.

AU - Slatkin, Montgomery

AU - Nielsen, Rasmus

AU - Kelso, Janet

AU - Lachmann, Michael

AU - Reich, David

AU - Pääbo, Svante

PY - 2010/5/7

Y1 - 2010/5/7

N2 - Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft sequence of the Neandertal genome composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides from three individuals. Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present-day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals shared more genetic variants with present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that gene flow from Neandertals into the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before the divergence of Eurasian groups from each other.

AB - Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft sequence of the Neandertal genome composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides from three individuals. Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present-day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals shared more genetic variants with present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that gene flow from Neandertals into the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before the divergence of Eurasian groups from each other.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/77952136530

U2 - 10.1126/science.1188021

DO - 10.1126/science.1188021

M3 - Article

C2 - 20448178

AN - SCOPUS:77952136530

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 328

SP - 710

EP - 722

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 5979

ER -

A draft sequence of the neandertal genome

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