TY - JOUR
T1 - Alternatives to lifting concrete masonry blocks onto rebar
T2 - Biomechanical and perceptual evaluations
AU - Hess, J. A.
AU - Mizner, R. L.
AU - Kincl, L.
AU - Anton, D.
PY - 2012/10
Y1 - 2012/10
N2 - This study examined the use of and barriers to H-block and high lift grouting, two alternatives to lifting concrete masonry blocks onto vertical rebar. Peak and cumulative shoulder motions were evaluated, as well as adoption barriers: H-block cost and stakeholder perceptions. Results indicated that using the alternatives significantly decreased peak shoulder flexion (p < 0.001). A case study indicated that building cost was higher with H-block, but the difference was less than 2% of the total cost. Contractors and specifiers reported important differences in perceptions, work norms, and material use and practices. For example, 48% of specifiers reported that use of high lift grouting was the contractor's choice, while 28% of contractors thought it must be specified. Use of H-block or high-lift grouting should be considered as methods to reduce awkward upper extremity postures. Cost and stakeholders' other perceptions present barriers that are important considerations when developing diffusion strategies for these alternatives.Practitioner Summary: This study provides information from several perspectives about ergonomic controls for a high risk bricklaying task, which will benefit occupational safety experts, health professionals and ergonomists. It adds to the understanding of shoulder stresses, material cost and stakeholder perceptions that will contribute to developing effective diffusion strategies.
AB - This study examined the use of and barriers to H-block and high lift grouting, two alternatives to lifting concrete masonry blocks onto vertical rebar. Peak and cumulative shoulder motions were evaluated, as well as adoption barriers: H-block cost and stakeholder perceptions. Results indicated that using the alternatives significantly decreased peak shoulder flexion (p < 0.001). A case study indicated that building cost was higher with H-block, but the difference was less than 2% of the total cost. Contractors and specifiers reported important differences in perceptions, work norms, and material use and practices. For example, 48% of specifiers reported that use of high lift grouting was the contractor's choice, while 28% of contractors thought it must be specified. Use of H-block or high-lift grouting should be considered as methods to reduce awkward upper extremity postures. Cost and stakeholders' other perceptions present barriers that are important considerations when developing diffusion strategies for these alternatives.Practitioner Summary: This study provides information from several perspectives about ergonomic controls for a high risk bricklaying task, which will benefit occupational safety experts, health professionals and ergonomists. It adds to the understanding of shoulder stresses, material cost and stakeholder perceptions that will contribute to developing effective diffusion strategies.
KW - biomechanics
KW - bricklaying
KW - diffusion of innovation
KW - ergonomics
KW - shoulder injury
KW - stakeholder perceptions
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84867281207&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/00140139.2012.703694
DO - 10.1080/00140139.2012.703694
M3 - Article
C2 - 22849706
AN - SCOPUS:84867281207
SN - 0014-0139
VL - 55
SP - 1229
EP - 1242
JO - Ergonomics
JF - Ergonomics
IS - 10
ER -