Daily flaxseed consumption improves glycemic control in obese men and women with pre-diabetes: A randomized study

Andrea M. Hutchins; Blakely D. Brown; Stephen C. Cunnane; Stephanie G. Domitrovich; Earle R. Adams; Courtney E. Bobowiec

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.012

Daily flaxseed consumption improves glycemic control in obese men and women with pre-diabetes: A randomized study

Andrea M. Hutchins
, Blakely D. Brown
, Stephen C. Cunnane
, Stephanie G. Domitrovich
, Earle R. Adams
, Courtney E. Bobowiec

School of Public and Community Health Sciences

University of Colorado Colorado Springs
Université de Sherbrooke
University of Montana

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

135 Scopus citations

Abstract

The study hypothesis was that fasting glucose, insulin, fructosamine, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 decrease and adiponectin increases with daily flaxseed consumption in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes. In this randomized, cross-over study overweight or obese men and postmenopausal women (n = 25) with pre-diabetes consumed 0, 13, or 26 g ground flaxseed for 12 weeks. Glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and normalized percent of α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA) were significantly different by treatment (multiple analysis of variance, P = .036, P = .013, P = .008, P = .024 respectively). Paired t tests showed glucose decreased on the 13 g intervention compared to the 0 g period [13g = -2.10 ± 1.66 mg/L (mean ± SEM), 0 g = 9.22 ± 4.44 mg/L, P = .036]. Insulin decreased on the 13 g intervention but not the 26 g (P = .021) and 0 g (P = .013) periods (13 g = -2.12 ± 1.00 mU/L, 26 g = 0.67 ± 0.84 mU/L, 0g = 1.20 ± 1.16 mU/L). HOMA-IR decreased on the 13 g period but not on the 26 g (P = .012) and 0 g (P = .008) periods (13g = -0.71 ± 0.31, 26g = 0.27 ± 0.24, 0g = 0.51 ± 0.35). The α-linolenic fatty acid decrease for the 0 g period was different than the 13 g (P = .024) and 26 g (P = .000) periods (13 g = 0.20 ± 0.04, 26g = 0.35 ± 0.07, 0g = -0.01 ± 0.07). Fructosamine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity interleukin-6 had no significant differences. Flaxseed intake decreased glucose and insulin and improved insulin sensitivity as part of a habitual diet in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	367-375
Number of pages	9
Journal	Nutrition Research
Volume	33
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.012
State	Published - May 2013

Funding

Funding for this project was provided the American Diabetes Association (7-06-RA-61) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada). Ground flaxseed was provided by Bob’s Red Mill Natural Foods, Inc. (Milwaukie, OR, USA). The authors report no conflicts of interest. The data in the manuscript were presented in abstract and poster form at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (Hutchins AM, Brown BD, Domitrovich S. Flaxseed consumption lowers insulin, C-reactive protein and fructosamine in adults with pre-diabetes. FASEB J. 2010;24:739.4).

Funders	Funder number
American Diabetes Association	7-06-RA-61

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Adults
Flaxseed
Glucose
Glycemic control
Inflammation
Insulin
Lignans
Men
Obesity
Omega-3 fatty acids
Overweight
Prediabetes
Randomized trial
Women

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10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.012

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@article{eb45bc531cf3474fab2f2b4e7cd933ac,

title = "Daily flaxseed consumption improves glycemic control in obese men and women with pre-diabetes: A randomized study",

abstract = "The study hypothesis was that fasting glucose, insulin, fructosamine, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 decrease and adiponectin increases with daily flaxseed consumption in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes. In this randomized, cross-over study overweight or obese men and postmenopausal women (n = 25) with pre-diabetes consumed 0, 13, or 26 g ground flaxseed for 12 weeks. Glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and normalized percent of α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA) were significantly different by treatment (multiple analysis of variance, P = .036, P = .013, P = .008, P = .024 respectively). Paired t tests showed glucose decreased on the 13 g intervention compared to the 0 g period [13g = -2.10 ± 1.66 mg/L (mean ± SEM), 0 g = 9.22 ± 4.44 mg/L, P = .036]. Insulin decreased on the 13 g intervention but not the 26 g (P = .021) and 0 g (P = .013) periods (13 g = -2.12 ± 1.00 mU/L, 26 g = 0.67 ± 0.84 mU/L, 0g = 1.20 ± 1.16 mU/L). HOMA-IR decreased on the 13 g period but not on the 26 g (P = .012) and 0 g (P = .008) periods (13g = -0.71 ± 0.31, 26g = 0.27 ± 0.24, 0g = 0.51 ± 0.35). The α-linolenic fatty acid decrease for the 0 g period was different than the 13 g (P = .024) and 26 g (P = .000) periods (13 g = 0.20 ± 0.04, 26g = 0.35 ± 0.07, 0g = -0.01 ± 0.07). Fructosamine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity interleukin-6 had no significant differences. Flaxseed intake decreased glucose and insulin and improved insulin sensitivity as part of a habitual diet in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes.",

keywords = "Adults, Flaxseed, Glucose, Glycemic control, Inflammation, Insulin, Lignans, Men, Obesity, Omega-3 fatty acids, Overweight, Prediabetes, Randomized trial, Women",

author = "Hutchins, \{Andrea M.\} and Brown, \{Blakely D.\} and Cunnane, \{Stephen C.\} and Domitrovich, \{Stephanie G.\} and Adams, \{Earle R.\} and Bobowiec, \{Courtney E.\}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding for this project was provided the American Diabetes Association (7-06-RA-61) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada). Ground flaxseed was provided by Bob{\textquoteright}s Red Mill Natural Foods, Inc. (Milwaukie, OR, USA). The authors report no conflicts of interest. The data in the manuscript were presented in abstract and poster form at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (Hutchins AM, Brown BD, Domitrovich S. Flaxseed consumption lowers insulin, C-reactive protein and fructosamine in adults with pre-diabetes. FASEB J. 2010;24:739.4).",

year = "2013",

month = may,

doi = "10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.012",

language = "English",

volume = "33",

pages = "367--375",

journal = "Nutrition Research",

issn = "0271-5317",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Daily flaxseed consumption improves glycemic control in obese men and women with pre-diabetes

T2 - A randomized study

AU - Hutchins, Andrea M.

AU - Brown, Blakely D.

AU - Cunnane, Stephen C.

AU - Domitrovich, Stephanie G.

AU - Adams, Earle R.

AU - Bobowiec, Courtney E.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding for this project was provided the American Diabetes Association (7-06-RA-61) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Canada). Ground flaxseed was provided by Bob’s Red Mill Natural Foods, Inc. (Milwaukie, OR, USA). The authors report no conflicts of interest. The data in the manuscript were presented in abstract and poster form at the 2010 Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (Hutchins AM, Brown BD, Domitrovich S. Flaxseed consumption lowers insulin, C-reactive protein and fructosamine in adults with pre-diabetes. FASEB J. 2010;24:739.4).

PY - 2013/5

Y1 - 2013/5

N2 - The study hypothesis was that fasting glucose, insulin, fructosamine, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 decrease and adiponectin increases with daily flaxseed consumption in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes. In this randomized, cross-over study overweight or obese men and postmenopausal women (n = 25) with pre-diabetes consumed 0, 13, or 26 g ground flaxseed for 12 weeks. Glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and normalized percent of α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA) were significantly different by treatment (multiple analysis of variance, P = .036, P = .013, P = .008, P = .024 respectively). Paired t tests showed glucose decreased on the 13 g intervention compared to the 0 g period [13g = -2.10 ± 1.66 mg/L (mean ± SEM), 0 g = 9.22 ± 4.44 mg/L, P = .036]. Insulin decreased on the 13 g intervention but not the 26 g (P = .021) and 0 g (P = .013) periods (13 g = -2.12 ± 1.00 mU/L, 26 g = 0.67 ± 0.84 mU/L, 0g = 1.20 ± 1.16 mU/L). HOMA-IR decreased on the 13 g period but not on the 26 g (P = .012) and 0 g (P = .008) periods (13g = -0.71 ± 0.31, 26g = 0.27 ± 0.24, 0g = 0.51 ± 0.35). The α-linolenic fatty acid decrease for the 0 g period was different than the 13 g (P = .024) and 26 g (P = .000) periods (13 g = 0.20 ± 0.04, 26g = 0.35 ± 0.07, 0g = -0.01 ± 0.07). Fructosamine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity interleukin-6 had no significant differences. Flaxseed intake decreased glucose and insulin and improved insulin sensitivity as part of a habitual diet in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes.

AB - The study hypothesis was that fasting glucose, insulin, fructosamine, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 decrease and adiponectin increases with daily flaxseed consumption in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes. In this randomized, cross-over study overweight or obese men and postmenopausal women (n = 25) with pre-diabetes consumed 0, 13, or 26 g ground flaxseed for 12 weeks. Glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and normalized percent of α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA) were significantly different by treatment (multiple analysis of variance, P = .036, P = .013, P = .008, P = .024 respectively). Paired t tests showed glucose decreased on the 13 g intervention compared to the 0 g period [13g = -2.10 ± 1.66 mg/L (mean ± SEM), 0 g = 9.22 ± 4.44 mg/L, P = .036]. Insulin decreased on the 13 g intervention but not the 26 g (P = .021) and 0 g (P = .013) periods (13 g = -2.12 ± 1.00 mU/L, 26 g = 0.67 ± 0.84 mU/L, 0g = 1.20 ± 1.16 mU/L). HOMA-IR decreased on the 13 g period but not on the 26 g (P = .012) and 0 g (P = .008) periods (13g = -0.71 ± 0.31, 26g = 0.27 ± 0.24, 0g = 0.51 ± 0.35). The α-linolenic fatty acid decrease for the 0 g period was different than the 13 g (P = .024) and 26 g (P = .000) periods (13 g = 0.20 ± 0.04, 26g = 0.35 ± 0.07, 0g = -0.01 ± 0.07). Fructosamine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity interleukin-6 had no significant differences. Flaxseed intake decreased glucose and insulin and improved insulin sensitivity as part of a habitual diet in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes.

KW - Adults

KW - Flaxseed

KW - Glucose

KW - Glycemic control

KW - Inflammation

KW - Insulin

KW - Lignans

KW - Men

KW - Obesity

KW - Omega-3 fatty acids

KW - Overweight

KW - Prediabetes

KW - Randomized trial

KW - Women

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84878150618

U2 - 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.012

DO - 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.02.012

M3 - Article

C2 - 23684438

AN - SCOPUS:84878150618

SN - 0271-5317

VL - 33

SP - 367

EP - 375

JO - Nutrition Research

JF - Nutrition Research

IS - 5

ER -

Daily flaxseed consumption improves glycemic control in obese men and women with pre-diabetes: A randomized study

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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