Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database

Anja Løkkegaard; Kenneth D. Mankoff; Christian Zdanowicz; Gary D. Clow; Martin P. Lüthi; Samuel H. Doyle; Henrik H. Thomsen; David Fisher; Joel Harper; Andy Aschwanden; Bo M. Vinther; Dorthe Dahl-Jensen; Harry Zekollari; Toby Meierbachtol; Ian McDowell; Neil Humphrey; Anne Solgaard; Nanna B. Karlsson; Shfaqat A. Khan; Benjamin Hills; Robert Law; Bryn Hubbard; Poul Christoffersen; Mylène Jacquemart; Julien Seguinot; Robert S. Fausto; William T. Colgan

doi:10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023

Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database

Anja Løkkegaard
, Kenneth D. Mankoff
, Christian Zdanowicz
, Gary D. Clow
, Martin P. Lüthi
, Samuel H. Doyle
, Henrik H. Thomsen
, David Fisher
, Joel Harper
, Andy Aschwanden
, Bo M. Vinther
, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen
, Harry Zekollari
, Toby Meierbachtol
, Ian McDowell
, Neil Humphrey
, Anne Solgaard
, Nanna B. Karlsson
, Shfaqat A. Khan
, Benjamin Hills

Robert Law, Bryn Hubbard, Poul Christoffersen, Mylène Jacquemart, Julien Seguinot, Robert S. Fausto, William T. Colgan

Geosciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Here, we present a compilation of 95 ice temperature profiles from 85 boreholes from the Greenland ice sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Profiles from only 31 boreholes (36 %) were previously available in open-Access data repositories. The remaining 54 borehole profiles (64 %) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 95 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales and are accompanied by extensive metadata. These metadata include a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland ice sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process level insight on simulated ice temperatures.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3829-3845
Number of pages	17
Journal	Cryosphere
Volume	17
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023
State	Published - Sep 8 2023

Funding

The development of this database by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) has been supported by the Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet ( http://www.promice.dk , last access: 4 September 2023), the Independent Research Fund Denmark award (IRFD; grant no. 8049-00003B), and a Villum Foundation award (grant no. 00022885). Ice coring on the Canadian Arctic ice caps has been primarily supported by the Polar Continental Shelf Project and the Geological Survey of Canada (Natural Resources Canada), with additional funding from the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Science (Prince of Wales Icefield 2005) and Japan's Science and Technology Agency (Penny Ice Cap, 1996). Harry Zekollari received funding from the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique – FNRS (postdoctoral grant – chargé de recherches) and PROTECT, which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant no. 869304). Ice temperature measurements on Store Glacier have been supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant no. 683048; RESPONDER), the National Environment Research Council (NERC; SAFIRE grant nos. NE/K006126 and NE/K005871/1), and an Aberystwyth University Capital Equipment grant. Andy Aschwanden has been supported by NASA (grant no. 20-CRYO2020-0052). Robert Law received funding from a NERC Doctoral Training Partnership studentship (grant no. NE/L002507/1). Mylène Jacquemart received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. SNSF 184634; PROGGRESS). Joel Harper, Neil Humphrey, Toby Meierbachtol, Ian McDowell, and Benjamin Hills have been funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs (grant nos. 1203451 and 0909495). Gary D. Clow received funding from the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs. Martin P. Lüthi received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 200021-127197). Julien Seguinot received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF; grant nos. 200020-169558 and 200021-153179/1) to Martin Funk (ETHZ) and the Trond Mohn Stiftelse (TMS) and University of Bergen (UiB) start-up (grant no. TMS2022STG03) to Suzette Flantua (UiB).

Funders	Funder number
8049-00003B
200020-169558, 200021-127197, 200021-153179/1
0909495, 1203451
National Aeronautics and Space Administration	20-CRYO2020-0052, NE/L002507/1
00022885
Natural Resources Canada
Natural Environment Research Council	NE/K006126, NE/K005871/1
Aberystwyth University
SNSF 184634
Japan Science and Technology Agency
TMS2022STG03
683048, 869304

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Løkkegaard, A., Mankoff, K. D., Zdanowicz, C., Clow, G. D., Lüthi, M. P., Doyle, S. H., Thomsen, H. H., Fisher, D., Harper, J., Aschwanden, A., Vinther, B. M., Dahl-Jensen, D., Zekollari, H., Meierbachtol, T., McDowell, I., Humphrey, N., Solgaard, A., Karlsson, N. B., Khan, S. A., ... Colgan, W. T. (2023). Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database. Cryosphere, 17(9), 3829-3845. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023

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abstract = "Here, we present a compilation of 95 ice temperature profiles from 85 boreholes from the Greenland ice sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Profiles from only 31 boreholes (36 \%) were previously available in open-Access data repositories. The remaining 54 borehole profiles (64 \%) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 95 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales and are accompanied by extensive metadata. These metadata include a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland ice sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process level insight on simulated ice temperatures.",

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Løkkegaard, A, Mankoff, KD, Zdanowicz, C, Clow, GD, Lüthi, MP, Doyle, SH, Thomsen, HH, Fisher, D, Harper, J, Aschwanden, A, Vinther, BM, Dahl-Jensen, D, Zekollari, H, Meierbachtol, T, McDowell, I, Humphrey, N, Solgaard, A, Karlsson, NB, Khan, SA, Hills, B, Law, R, Hubbard, B, Christoffersen, P, Jacquemart, M, Seguinot, J, Fausto, RS & Colgan, WT 2023, 'Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database', Cryosphere, vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 3829-3845. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023

TY - JOUR

T1 - Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database

AU - Løkkegaard, Anja

AU - Mankoff, Kenneth D.

AU - Zdanowicz, Christian

AU - Clow, Gary D.

AU - Lüthi, Martin P.

AU - Doyle, Samuel H.

AU - Thomsen, Henrik H.

AU - Fisher, David

AU - Harper, Joel

AU - Aschwanden, Andy

AU - Vinther, Bo M.

AU - Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe

AU - Zekollari, Harry

AU - Meierbachtol, Toby

AU - McDowell, Ian

AU - Humphrey, Neil

AU - Solgaard, Anne

AU - Karlsson, Nanna B.

AU - Khan, Shfaqat A.

AU - Hills, Benjamin

AU - Law, Robert

AU - Hubbard, Bryn

AU - Christoffersen, Poul

AU - Jacquemart, Mylène

AU - Seguinot, Julien

AU - Fausto, Robert S.

AU - Colgan, William T.

PY - 2023/9/8

Y1 - 2023/9/8

N2 - Here, we present a compilation of 95 ice temperature profiles from 85 boreholes from the Greenland ice sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Profiles from only 31 boreholes (36 %) were previously available in open-Access data repositories. The remaining 54 borehole profiles (64 %) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 95 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales and are accompanied by extensive metadata. These metadata include a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland ice sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process level insight on simulated ice temperatures.

AB - Here, we present a compilation of 95 ice temperature profiles from 85 boreholes from the Greenland ice sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Profiles from only 31 boreholes (36 %) were previously available in open-Access data repositories. The remaining 54 borehole profiles (64 %) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 95 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales and are accompanied by extensive metadata. These metadata include a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland ice sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process level insight on simulated ice temperatures.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85172997158

U2 - 10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023

DO - 10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85172997158

SN - 1994-0416

VL - 17

SP - 3829

EP - 3845

JO - Cryosphere

JF - Cryosphere

IS - 9

ER -

Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database

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