Human plasma inflammatory response during 5 days of exercise training in the heat

The aim of the present investigation was to examine the response of 80 plasma inflammatory analytes during five days of exercise in a hot (38°C, 40% relative humidity) environment. 15 male participants (25±4yrs, 54±6mlkg^-1min^-1 VO₂ max), with no heat exposure within the previous 3 weeks, were asked to cycle in a hot environment at 70% of their VO₂ max workload until their terminal temperature was obtained, for 5 consecutive days. Terminal temperature was determined as the core temperature at volitional exhaustion or a core temperature of 39.5°C, whichever came first. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-exercise on day 1 and day 5. Pre-trial urine specific gravity and body weight was not different on day 1 and day 5. Exercise time and heart rate at terminal temperature did not change during the five days. Of the 52 plasma analytes that increased in concentration on day 1, only 30 demonstrated increased concentrations at terminal temperature on day 5. Resting concentrations of 18, both pro- (IL-12p40, IL-15) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1ra, IL-10, IL-13) analytes were elevated on day 5 compared to day 1. We conclude that individuals completing consecutive days of exercise in the heat, but not definitively attaining heat acclimation, have increased resting levels of many inflammatory analytes associated with heat illness, but also demonstrate a reduced inflammatory response to a subsequent bout of exercise in the heat.