Large divergence of satellite and Earth system model estimates of global terrestrial CO₂ fertilization

Funding

This work was supported by the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area, US Department of Energy Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences Program (Award no. DE-SC-0008168), the US Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, and the NASA Earth Observing System MODIS project (grant no. NNX08AG87A). Y.Y.L. is supported by an Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship (project number DE140100200). We also acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme’s Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modelling groups (listed in Supplementary Table 1 of this paper) for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the US Department of Energy’s Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. All data presented in this analysis are publicly available; satellite estimates are available at the NTSG data portal (http://www.ntsg.umt.edu/data); CMIP5 experimental scenario data are available at the ESGF data portal (http://esgf.llnl.gov).