Abstract
Movements among leks by breeding birds (i.e., interlek movements) could affect the population's genetic flow, complicate use of lek counts as a population index, and indicate a change in breeding behavior following a disturbance. We used a Bayesian multi-state mark-recapture model to assess the daily probability of male greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) interlek movements and estimate factors influencing movements among leks. We fitted 145 males with solar Argos global positioning systems platform transmitter terminals over 4 years (2011–2014) in Carbon County, Wyoming, USA. The daily probability of a male sage-grouse moving among leks ranged 0.003 (95% CI = 0.000–0.010) in 2011 to 0.010 (95% CI = 0.001–0.021) in 2013, indicating high daily lek fidelity throughout the season, although there was a 5–42% chance annually a male would move at least once to another lek throughout the season x days analyzed/M = 55 ± 3.3 days [SE]). Interlek movement probabilities were strongly affected by day of year, peaking early in the lek season. Interlek movements were positively associated with elevation. Seasonal interlek movements occurred more frequently than previously reported, and can bias lek counts in early spring as males move from low to high elevation leks, which reinforces interlek movements as a critical component of lek ecology.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 498-508 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Journal of Wildlife Management |
| Volume | 81 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 1 2017 |
Funding
We thank F. R. Thompson, III, H. He, N. Wojcik, P. S. Coates, B. S. Cade, and 1 anonymous reviewer for comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. We thank The Overland Trail Cattle Company and Power Company of Wyoming, especially J. Theesfeld, and Carbon County landowners for land access. We thank SWCA Environmental Consultants, including M. J. Paul, N. J. Wojcik, J. W. Kehmeier, R. Hay, R. B. Duncan, and T. Grosch for field assistance. We thank J. C. Brockman, A. N. Coleman, M. E. Doherty, C. A. Doyle, A. Foster, J. A. Fox, R. L. Golden, M. B. Gonnerman, A. M. Miller, M. J. Peterson, S. L. Robatcek, B. N. Towery, and M. P. Womack for technical field assistance. Funding and equipment were provided by several federal and state natural resources agencies and wind energy partners under the supervision of the National Wind Coordinating Collaborative. Funding agencies included the University of Missouri, U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Wind and Water Power Technologies (DE-AC36-08GO28308), National Renewable Energy Laboratory (subcontract XFT-1-11321-01), National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station (10-JV-11221632-215 and 13-JV-11221632-046), and Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (11-CO-11221632-068, 12-CO-11221632-181, and 13-CO-11221632-007).
| Funders | Funder number |
|---|---|
| SWCA Environmental Consultants | |
| Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies | 11-CO-11221632-068, 12-CO-11221632-181, 13-CO-11221632-007 |
| DE-AC36-08GO28308 | |
| National Renewable Energy Laboratory | XFT-1-11321-01 |
| Southeast Missouri State University | |
| 10-JV-11221632-215, 13-JV-11221632-046 | |
Keywords
- Centrocercus urophasianus
- Wyoming
- availability bias
- greater sage–grouse
- interlek movements
- lek fidelity
- multi-state mark-recapture
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