Partial asynchrony of coniferous forest carbon sources and sinks at the intra-annual time scale

Roberto Silvestro, Maurizio Mencuccini, Raúl García-Valdés, Serena Antonucci, Alberto Arzac, Franco Biondi, Valentina Buttò, J. Julio Camarero, Filipe Campelo, Hervé Cochard, Katarina Čufar, Henri E. Cuny, Martin de Luis, Annie Deslauriers, Guillaume Drolet, Marina V. Fonti, Patrick Fonti, Alessio Giovannelli, Jožica Gričar, Andreas GruberVladimír Gryc, Rossella Guerrieri, Aylin Güney, Xiali Guo, Jian Guo Huang, Tuula Jyske, Jakub Kašpar, Alexander V. Kirdyanov, Tamir Klein, Audrey Lemay, Xiaoxia Li, Eryuan Liang, Anna Lintunen, Feng Liu, Fabio Lombardi, Qianqian Ma, Harri Mäkinen, Rayees A. Malik, Edurne Martinez del Castillo, Jordi Martinez-Vilalta, Stefan Mayr, Hubert Morin, Cristina Nabais, Pekka Nöjd, Walter Oberhuber, José M. Olano, Andrew P. Ouimette, Teemu V.S. Paljakka, Mikko Peltoniemi, Richard L. Peters, Ping Ren, Peter Prislan, Cyrille B.K. Rathgeber, Anna Sala, Antonio Saracino, Luigi Saulino, Piia Schiestl-Aalto, Vladimir V. Shishov, Alexia Stokes, Raman Sukumar, Jean Daniel Sylvain, Roberto Tognetti, Václav Treml, Josef Urban, Hanuš Vavrčík, Joana Vieira, Georg von Arx, Yan Wang, Bao Yang, Qiao Zeng, Shaokang Zhang, Emanuele Ziaco, Sergio Rossi

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Abstract

As major terrestrial carbon sinks, forests play an important role in mitigating climate change. The relationship between the seasonal uptake of carbon and its allocation to woody biomass remains poorly understood, leaving a significant gap in our capacity to predict carbon sequestration by forests. Here, we compare the intra-annual dynamics of carbon fluxes and wood formation across the Northern hemisphere, from carbon assimilation and the formation of non-structural carbon compounds to their incorporation in woody tissues. We show temporally coupled seasonal peaks of carbon assimilation (GPP) and wood cell differentiation, while the two processes are substantially decoupled during off-peak periods. Peaks of cambial activity occur substantially earlier compared to GPP, suggesting the buffer role of non-structural carbohydrates between the processes of carbon assimilation and allocation to wood. Our findings suggest that high-resolution seasonal data of ecosystem carbon fluxes, wood formation and the associated physiological processes may reduce uncertainties in carbon source-sink relationships at different spatial scales, from stand to ecosystem levels.

Original languageEnglish
Article number6169
JournalNature Communications
Volume15
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2024

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