TY - JOUR
T1 - Results of an indoor size fractionated PM school sampling program in Libby, Montana
AU - Ward, Tony J.
AU - Noonan, Curtis W.
AU - Hooper, Kathi
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Kirby Maki, Ken Foss, and Ron Goodman for their cooperation and for providing access to the elementary and middle schools in Libby. This work was funded in part by NIH COBRE grant P20 RR01760 from NCRR.
PY - 2007/7
Y1 - 2007/7
N2 - Libby, Montana is the only PM2.5 nonattainment area in the western United States with the exceptions of parts of southern California. During January through March 2005, a particulate matter (PM) sampling program was conducted within Libby's elementary and middle schools to establish baseline indoor PM concentrations before a wood stove change-out program is implemented over the next several years. As part of this program, indoor concentrations of PM mass, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) in five different size fractions (>2.5, 1.0-2.5, 0.5-1.0, 0.25-0.5, and <0.25 μm) were measured. Total measured PM mass concentrations were much higher inside the elementary school, with particle size fraction (>2.5, 0.5-1.0, 0.25-0.5, and <0.25 μm) concentrations between 2 and 5 times higher when compared to the middle school. The 1.0-2.5 μm fraction had the largest difference between the two sites, with elementary school concentrations nearly 10 times higher than the middle school values. The carbon component for the schools' indoor PM was found to be predominantly composed of OC. Measured total OC and EC concentrations, as well as concentrations within individual size fractions, were an average of two to five times higher at the elementary school when compared to the middle school. For the ultrafine fraction (<0.25), EC concentrations were similar between each of the schools. Despite the differences in concentrations between the schools at the various fraction levels, the OC/EC ratio was determined to be similar.
AB - Libby, Montana is the only PM2.5 nonattainment area in the western United States with the exceptions of parts of southern California. During January through March 2005, a particulate matter (PM) sampling program was conducted within Libby's elementary and middle schools to establish baseline indoor PM concentrations before a wood stove change-out program is implemented over the next several years. As part of this program, indoor concentrations of PM mass, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) in five different size fractions (>2.5, 1.0-2.5, 0.5-1.0, 0.25-0.5, and <0.25 μm) were measured. Total measured PM mass concentrations were much higher inside the elementary school, with particle size fraction (>2.5, 0.5-1.0, 0.25-0.5, and <0.25 μm) concentrations between 2 and 5 times higher when compared to the middle school. The 1.0-2.5 μm fraction had the largest difference between the two sites, with elementary school concentrations nearly 10 times higher than the middle school values. The carbon component for the schools' indoor PM was found to be predominantly composed of OC. Measured total OC and EC concentrations, as well as concentrations within individual size fractions, were an average of two to five times higher at the elementary school when compared to the middle school. For the ultrafine fraction (<0.25), EC concentrations were similar between each of the schools. Despite the differences in concentrations between the schools at the various fraction levels, the OC/EC ratio was determined to be similar.
KW - Elemental carbon
KW - Organic carbon
KW - PM
KW - Residential wood combustion
KW - Smoke
KW - Valley air pollution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=34249867669&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10661-006-9386-3
DO - 10.1007/s10661-006-9386-3
M3 - Article
C2 - 17057963
AN - SCOPUS:34249867669
SN - 0167-6369
VL - 130
SP - 163
EP - 171
JO - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
IS - 1-3
ER -