Sex-specific kinetic and kinematic indicators of medial tibiofemoral force during walking and running

Jean Francois Esculier; Richard W. Willy; Michael W. Baggaley; Stacey A. Meardon; John D. Willson

doi:10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.054

Sex-specific kinetic and kinematic indicators of medial tibiofemoral force during walking and running

Jean Francois Esculier, Richard W. Willy, Michael W. Baggaley, Stacey A. Meardon, John D. Willson

School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

23 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Our aims were to (1) Evaluate sex-specific contributions of peak knee flexion moment (pKFM) and peak knee adduction moment (pKAM) in medial tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) force during walking and running; (2) identify kinematic variables to estimate peak medial TFJ force. Methods Eighty-seven runners participated (36 females, 51 males; age = 23.0 ± 3.8 years (1 standard deviation)). Kinematics and kinetics data were collected during treadmill walking (1.3 m/s) and running (3.0 ± 0.4 m/s). Peak medial TFJ contact force was estimated using a musculoskeletal model. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the contribution of pKFM, pKAM and kinematic indicators to estimated joint forces. Results During walking and running, pKAM and pKFM accounted for 74.9% and 64.5% of peak medial TFJ force variance (P < 0.001), respectively. Similar pKAM contribution was found between males and females during walking (51.8% vs. 47.9%), as opposed to running (50.4% vs. 26.8%). Kinematic indicators during walking were peak knee flexion and adduction angles, regardless of sex. During running, indicators were ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and center of mass (COM) vertical displacement in females (R² = 0.364, P = 0.012), and peak knee abduction angle and step length in males (R² = 0.508, P = 0.019). Conclusion We conclude from these results that pKAM and pKFM make significant but potentially sex-specific contributions to peak medial TFJ force during walking and running. Clinically, peak medial TFJ force during walking can be estimated using peak knee flexion and adduction angles in both sexes. During running, ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and COM oscillation are best indicators among females, while knee abduction and step length are best among males.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1317-1325
Number of pages	9
Journal	Knee
Volume	24
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.054
State	Published - Dec 2017

Funding

JFE was supported by a Fellowship award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and by travel funding provided by Reseau provincial de recherche en adaptation-readaptation du Québec (REPAR-FRQS). The funding source had no role in designing the study, interpreting results or the decision to submit for publication. JFE was supported by a Fellowship award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and by travel funding provided by Reseau provincial de recherche en adaptation-readaptation du Qu?bec (REPAR-FRQS). The funding source had no role in designing the study, interpreting results or the decision to submit for publication.

Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Keywords

Females
Forces
Gait
Knee
Males

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10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.054

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@article{fe5fd9a38a694d1d90b100dd1e5df3ec,

title = "Sex-specific kinetic and kinematic indicators of medial tibiofemoral force during walking and running",

abstract = "Background Our aims were to (1) Evaluate sex-specific contributions of peak knee flexion moment (pKFM) and peak knee adduction moment (pKAM) in medial tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) force during walking and running; (2) identify kinematic variables to estimate peak medial TFJ force. Methods Eighty-seven runners participated (36 females, 51 males; age = 23.0 ± 3.8 years (1 standard deviation)). Kinematics and kinetics data were collected during treadmill walking (1.3 m/s) and running (3.0 ± 0.4 m/s). Peak medial TFJ contact force was estimated using a musculoskeletal model. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the contribution of pKFM, pKAM and kinematic indicators to estimated joint forces. Results During walking and running, pKAM and pKFM accounted for 74.9\% and 64.5\% of peak medial TFJ force variance (P < 0.001), respectively. Similar pKAM contribution was found between males and females during walking (51.8\% vs. 47.9\%), as opposed to running (50.4\% vs. 26.8\%). Kinematic indicators during walking were peak knee flexion and adduction angles, regardless of sex. During running, indicators were ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and center of mass (COM) vertical displacement in females (R2 = 0.364, P = 0.012), and peak knee abduction angle and step length in males (R2 = 0.508, P = 0.019). Conclusion We conclude from these results that pKAM and pKFM make significant but potentially sex-specific contributions to peak medial TFJ force during walking and running. Clinically, peak medial TFJ force during walking can be estimated using peak knee flexion and adduction angles in both sexes. During running, ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and COM oscillation are best indicators among females, while knee abduction and step length are best among males.",

keywords = "Females, Forces, Gait, Knee, Males",

author = "Esculier, \{Jean Francois\} and Willy, \{Richard W.\} and Baggaley, \{Michael W.\} and Meardon, \{Stacey A.\} and Willson, \{John D.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2017",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.054",

language = "English",

volume = "24",

pages = "1317--1325",

journal = "Knee",

issn = "0968-0160",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Sex-specific kinetic and kinematic indicators of medial tibiofemoral force during walking and running

AU - Esculier, Jean Francois

AU - Willy, Richard W.

AU - Baggaley, Michael W.

AU - Meardon, Stacey A.

AU - Willson, John D.

PY - 2017/12

Y1 - 2017/12

N2 - Background Our aims were to (1) Evaluate sex-specific contributions of peak knee flexion moment (pKFM) and peak knee adduction moment (pKAM) in medial tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) force during walking and running; (2) identify kinematic variables to estimate peak medial TFJ force. Methods Eighty-seven runners participated (36 females, 51 males; age = 23.0 ± 3.8 years (1 standard deviation)). Kinematics and kinetics data were collected during treadmill walking (1.3 m/s) and running (3.0 ± 0.4 m/s). Peak medial TFJ contact force was estimated using a musculoskeletal model. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the contribution of pKFM, pKAM and kinematic indicators to estimated joint forces. Results During walking and running, pKAM and pKFM accounted for 74.9% and 64.5% of peak medial TFJ force variance (P < 0.001), respectively. Similar pKAM contribution was found between males and females during walking (51.8% vs. 47.9%), as opposed to running (50.4% vs. 26.8%). Kinematic indicators during walking were peak knee flexion and adduction angles, regardless of sex. During running, indicators were ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and center of mass (COM) vertical displacement in females (R2 = 0.364, P = 0.012), and peak knee abduction angle and step length in males (R2 = 0.508, P = 0.019). Conclusion We conclude from these results that pKAM and pKFM make significant but potentially sex-specific contributions to peak medial TFJ force during walking and running. Clinically, peak medial TFJ force during walking can be estimated using peak knee flexion and adduction angles in both sexes. During running, ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and COM oscillation are best indicators among females, while knee abduction and step length are best among males.

AB - Background Our aims were to (1) Evaluate sex-specific contributions of peak knee flexion moment (pKFM) and peak knee adduction moment (pKAM) in medial tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) force during walking and running; (2) identify kinematic variables to estimate peak medial TFJ force. Methods Eighty-seven runners participated (36 females, 51 males; age = 23.0 ± 3.8 years (1 standard deviation)). Kinematics and kinetics data were collected during treadmill walking (1.3 m/s) and running (3.0 ± 0.4 m/s). Peak medial TFJ contact force was estimated using a musculoskeletal model. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the contribution of pKFM, pKAM and kinematic indicators to estimated joint forces. Results During walking and running, pKAM and pKFM accounted for 74.9% and 64.5% of peak medial TFJ force variance (P < 0.001), respectively. Similar pKAM contribution was found between males and females during walking (51.8% vs. 47.9%), as opposed to running (50.4% vs. 26.8%). Kinematic indicators during walking were peak knee flexion and adduction angles, regardless of sex. During running, indicators were ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and center of mass (COM) vertical displacement in females (R2 = 0.364, P = 0.012), and peak knee abduction angle and step length in males (R2 = 0.508, P = 0.019). Conclusion We conclude from these results that pKAM and pKFM make significant but potentially sex-specific contributions to peak medial TFJ force during walking and running. Clinically, peak medial TFJ force during walking can be estimated using peak knee flexion and adduction angles in both sexes. During running, ankle dorsiflexion at foot strike and COM oscillation are best indicators among females, while knee abduction and step length are best among males.

KW - Females

KW - Forces

KW - Gait

KW - Knee

KW - Males

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85030212152

U2 - 10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.054

DO - 10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.054

M3 - Article

C2 - 28978462

AN - SCOPUS:85030212152

SN - 0968-0160

VL - 24

SP - 1317

EP - 1325

JO - Knee

JF - Knee

IS - 6

ER -

Sex-specific kinetic and kinematic indicators of medial tibiofemoral force during walking and running

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