TY - JOUR
T1 - Short-term differences in cardiac function following controlled exposure to cookstove air pollution
T2 - The subclinical tests on volunteers exposed to smoke (STOVES) study
AU - Cole-Hunter, Tom
AU - Dhingra, Radhika
AU - Fedak, Kristen M.
AU - Good, Nicholas
AU - L'Orange, Christian
AU - Luckasen, Gary
AU - Mehaffy, John
AU - Walker, Ethan
AU - Wilson, Ander
AU - Balmes, John
AU - Brook, Robert D.
AU - Clark, Maggie L.
AU - Devlin, Robert B.
AU - Volckens, John
AU - Peel, Jennifer L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Background: Exposure to household air pollution from solid fuel combustion for cooking and heating is an important risk factor for premature death and disability worldwide. Current evidence supports an association of ambient air pollution with cardiovascular disease but is limited for household air pollution and for cardiac function. Controlled exposure studies can complement evidence provided by field studies. Objectives: To investigate effects of short-term, controlled exposures to emissions from five cookstoves on measures of cardiac function. Methods: Forty-eight healthy adults (46% female; 20–36 years) participated in six, 2-h exposures (‘treatments’), including emissions from five cookstoves and a filtered-air control. Target fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure-concentrations per treatment were: control, 0 µg/m3; liquefied petroleum gas, 10 µg/m3; gasifier, 35 µg/m3; fan rocket, 100 µg/m3; rocket elbow, 250 µg/m3; and three stone fire, 500 µg/m3. Participants were treated in a set (pre-randomized) sequence as groups of 4 to minimize order bias and time-varying confounders. Heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac repolarization metrics were calculated as 5-min means immediately and at 3 h following treatment, for analysis in linear mixed-effects models comparing cookstove to control. Results: Short-term differences in SDNN (standard deviation of duration of all NN intervals) and VLF (very-low frequency power) existed for several cookstoves compared to control. While all cookstoves compared to control followed a similar trend for SDNN, the greatest effect was seen immediately following three stone fire (β = −0.13 ms {%}; 95% confidence interval = −0.22, −0.03%), which reversed in direction at 3 h (0.03%; −0.06, 0.13%). VLF results were similar in direction and timing to SDNN; however, other HRV or cardiac repolarization results were not similar to those for SDNN. Discussion: We observed some evidence of short-term, effects on HRV immediately following cookstove treatments compared to control. Our results suggest that cookstoves with lower PM2.5 emissions are potentially capable of affecting cardiac function, similar to stoves emitting higher PM2.5 emissions.
AB - Background: Exposure to household air pollution from solid fuel combustion for cooking and heating is an important risk factor for premature death and disability worldwide. Current evidence supports an association of ambient air pollution with cardiovascular disease but is limited for household air pollution and for cardiac function. Controlled exposure studies can complement evidence provided by field studies. Objectives: To investigate effects of short-term, controlled exposures to emissions from five cookstoves on measures of cardiac function. Methods: Forty-eight healthy adults (46% female; 20–36 years) participated in six, 2-h exposures (‘treatments’), including emissions from five cookstoves and a filtered-air control. Target fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure-concentrations per treatment were: control, 0 µg/m3; liquefied petroleum gas, 10 µg/m3; gasifier, 35 µg/m3; fan rocket, 100 µg/m3; rocket elbow, 250 µg/m3; and three stone fire, 500 µg/m3. Participants were treated in a set (pre-randomized) sequence as groups of 4 to minimize order bias and time-varying confounders. Heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac repolarization metrics were calculated as 5-min means immediately and at 3 h following treatment, for analysis in linear mixed-effects models comparing cookstove to control. Results: Short-term differences in SDNN (standard deviation of duration of all NN intervals) and VLF (very-low frequency power) existed for several cookstoves compared to control. While all cookstoves compared to control followed a similar trend for SDNN, the greatest effect was seen immediately following three stone fire (β = −0.13 ms {%}; 95% confidence interval = −0.22, −0.03%), which reversed in direction at 3 h (0.03%; −0.06, 0.13%). VLF results were similar in direction and timing to SDNN; however, other HRV or cardiac repolarization results were not similar to those for SDNN. Discussion: We observed some evidence of short-term, effects on HRV immediately following cookstove treatments compared to control. Our results suggest that cookstoves with lower PM2.5 emissions are potentially capable of affecting cardiac function, similar to stoves emitting higher PM2.5 emissions.
KW - Cardiac repolarization
KW - Cookstove
KW - Fine particulate matter
KW - Healthy adult
KW - Heart rate variability
KW - Household air pollution
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85096707757&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106254
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106254
M3 - Article
C2 - 33221594
AN - SCOPUS:85096707757
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 146
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
M1 - 106254
ER -